Cannot do a Fresh install of modx-2.0.0-pl MODX_CORE_PATH is invalid

/etc/php5/apache2/php.ini

where it can be more?

grep -r "date.timezone" /etc

/etc/php5/apache2/php.ini:; http://php.net/date.timezone
/etc/php5/apache2/php.ini:;date.timezone = Europe/Moscow
/etc/php5/cli/php.ini:; http://php.net/date.timezone
/etc/php5/cli/php.ini:;date.timezone = Europe/Moscow

but it didn’t help

Ok seems like you have the one.
See http://li.php.net/manual/en/timezones.europe.php
Seems Europe/zone is not what is required. You need to specify one of these.