[[!getPage?
&elementClass=`modSnippet`
&element=`competitionList`
&totalVar=`total`
&tpl=`competitionListRowTpl`
&limit=`1`
]]
<div class="pageNav">[[!+page.nav]]</div>
<a class="competition-link" data-competitionid="[[+id]]" href="">[[+competitionname]]</a>
$(document).ready(function() {
if($(".competition-link").length > 0) {
$(".competition-link").click(function(event) {
event.preventDefault();
var competitionId = $(this).data('competitionid');
$(".competition-link").remove();
$(".pageNav").remove();
$("#main-wrapper").load('[[~5]]', competitionId); // I'm just chucking competitionId in here as an assumption
});
}
});

This question has been answered by sottwell. See the first response.
var competitionId = 1;
$.ajax({
type: "GET",
url: "[[~5]]",
data: "compId:"+competitionId,
success: function(html) {
$('#main-wrapper').replaceWith(html);
}
});
[[!artworkList? &competitionId=`THE_PASSED_PARAMETER_NEEDS_TO_GO_HERE`]]
var competitionId = location.search.split('compId=')[1]

$.ajax({
type: "POST",
url: "myMODXajaxpage.html",
data: { name: "John", location: "Boston" }
})