The better solution is probably to use a custom snippet inside the Wayfinder call but you could do this with PHx.
Add a &rowTpl template to your Wayfinder call:
<li[+wf.id+][+wf.classes+]>
<a href="[+wf.link+]" title="[+wf.title+]" [+wf.attributes+]>[+wf.linktext+]</a>
[+wf.wrapper+]
</li>
and replace the [+wf.linktext+] placeholder with some PHx:
[+phx:if=`[+wf.docid+]`:is=`44`:then=`[+phx:if=`[*id*]`:is=`11`:then=`Linktext A`:else=`[+phx:if=`[*id*]`:is=`12`:then=`Linktext B`:else=`[+phx:if=`[*id*]`:is=`13`:then=`Linktext C`+]`+]`+]`:else=`[+wf.linktext+]`+]
Change the ID’s in the PHx code to match your document ID’s.
if=`[+wf.docid+]`:is=`44` - this is the ID of the target document (Linktext A, B or C)
if=`[*id*]`:is=`11` - this is the ID of the current document (index.php)
if=`[*id*]`:is=`12` - this is the ID of the current document (abc.php)
if=`[*id*]`:is=`13` - this is the ID of the current document (cde.php)
Your final &rowTpl chunk should be:
<li[+wf.id+][+wf.classes+]>
<a href="[+wf.link+]" title="[+wf.title+]" [+wf.attributes+]>[+phx:if=`[+wf.docid+]`:is=`44`:then=`[+phx:if=`[*id*]`:is=`11`:then=`Linktext A`:else=`[+phx:if=`[*id*]`:is=`12`:then=`Linktext B`:else=`[+phx:if=`[*id*]`:is=`13`:then=`Linktext C`+]`+]`+]`:else=`[+wf.linktext+]`+]</a>
[+wf.wrapper+]
</li>
with the ID’s changed.
It gets quite messy if you want to change the text on lots of documents, in which case, a custom snippet would be the better option.