No, you will not need to change any core code.
It all depends on what you want. See "CMP" for Revo, "Modules" for Evo if you want to add functionality (such as managing a gallery) to the Manager.
See "Snippets" and "Template Variables" for dynamic code in the HTML of the page, roughly analogous to the embedded <?php ... ?> inline PHP tags in an ordinary .php file. Since MODx is a template-based CMS, snippets and TVs are included in a base HTML structure with tags such as [[snippetName]] or [*TVname*] (for Evo). Again, look over the documentation I linked to for the version you choose to use.
That said, there are quite a number of different gallery management snippets and modules already available; you might want to look at a couple of them before you lock yourself into developing your own. Again, which one seems good will depend on which version of MODx you decide to use. Personally, I use Evo and for galleries I prefer Easy 2 Gallery.
http://modxcms.com/extras/repository/packages/?tag=Gallery&repository=10