Now that I’ve finally got the time to work on my site, and learned enough about MODx to get a lot of it running, I can give an answer to this if anyone else was interested.
So far it all appears to be working just fine.
I uploaded all the MODx files to the server and changed the file permissions on everything as I did that. (For Windows users, EmFTP is an FTP program that will let you set permissions on files as you transfer them. There is a free trial version of it, too.) I changed every directory to 755 and every other file to 644.
Then I followed the instructions at the wiki
http://wiki.modxcms.com/index.php/Securing_your_site. Every new file MODx creates also has those permissions, now.
I have not run into any problems so far, so I guess MODx and suExec can play nice together.