So, I managed to solve the problem myself

I’m going to post here what I did in order to solve it, in case someone else gets the same problem in the future.
In the file manager > processors > save_user.processor.php I changed this line (line 446):
if(!mail($email, $emailsubject, $message, "From: ".$emailsender."\r\n"."X-Mailer: Content Manager - PHP/".phpversion(), "-f $emailsender")) {
into this:
if(!mail($email, $emailsubject, $message, "From: ".$emailsender."\r\n"."X-Mailer: Content Manager - PHP/".phpversion())) {
In other words: I removed the last part.
Perhaps one of the coders can tell me: did I do the right thing, or have I somehow made the script less secure or something? Because I’m not exactly a php expert...
Oh I think I also fixed a tiny bug in the line right below, which used to be:
webAlert("Error while sending mail to $mailto");
I changed ’$mailto’ into ’$email’, this way you get a proper error message with the emailaddress in it