You can also check your core/cache/logs to see if MODX is logging anything, as well as your server's PHP error logs and access logs. The access logs will probably tell you exactly what is being denied.
For example, on my localhost MAMP installation, every time I access my localhost htdocs folder and get the index list of the subdirectories where I have my MODX installations, I get this:
[Tue Apr 14 12:54:25 2015] [error] [client ::1] client denied by server configuration: /Applications/MAMP/htdocs/.DS_Store
For non-Mac users, that .DS_Store is a metadata file that every directory gets, and is considered a hidden system file. It's not allowed to be displayed in a web server's index listing. Of course, a production server would have that index listing disabled to begin with, but for a localhost dev environment it's useful.
[ed. note: sottwell last edited this post 9 years ago.]